Speaking practice with ChatGPT in preparation for a short-term study abroad program: A case study

Abstract

Developing oral proficiency is essential for learners participating in short-term study abroad programs, as effective communication is critical in authentic contexts. However, Japanese students often do not have the opportunity to practice speaking outside of class. This paper reports on a case-study where a student used the ChatGPT mobile application for speaking practice for a duration of three months prior to a one-month study abroad program. The transcripts of conversations were collected and coded for positive responses (in English and Japanese), negative responses (e.g., misunderstandings or nonresponses), and communication strategies such as language adjustments and clarification requests. Overall, the students showed a decrease of communicative strategies used over the 3 months, and an increase in clarification questions, showing comprehension and fluency improvements in the communication. Sentences used by the student became more complete, correct, and native-like. Some of the difficulties of using ChatGPT are discussed along with directions for future research.